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NARRATOR: It is less than three months since the start of World War I, 00:05
and the front page of The New York Times 00:10
is dominated by headlines about the global conflict. 00:12
But on page nine, a sensational article 00:17
documents the incredible discoveries 00:20
recently made in South America 00:22
by Australian explorer Captain James Besley, 00:25
which include the bones of an eight-foot-tall man. 00:28
VIEIRA: In 1914, Captain Besley led an expedition in Peru 00:34
where he unearthed a giant skeleton 00:38
with a huge, elongated skull. 00:41
He wrote about it. He discovered it. 00:43
He reported it. 00:45
You know, what's interesting is, in the historical record, 00:47
there's many accounts of giant skeletons 00:50
being unearthed in the Lake Titicaca region. 00:52
Some were enormous-- eight-, nine-, ten-foot-tall skeletons. 00:55
Now, sometimes these are animal bones 01:00
that at the time were, uh, misunderstood. 01:03
But oftentimes, they are human burials 01:06
with human artifacts, elongated skulls, 01:09
but a lot of it seems to be lost to history. 01:13
So it's still open-ended as to what happened to the bones. 01:15
NARRATOR: Is it possible that skeletons of giants 01:21
standing as much as ten feet tall 01:24
were discovered near Lake Titicaca? 01:26
While the finds were well-documented, 01:30
what happened to these allegedly giant, 01:32
humanlike bones remains unknown. 01:34
But researchers point out 01:38
that when Spanish conquistadors first arrived 01:40
in Peru in the 1500s, 01:42
the Native people told them stories 01:45
of giants that once inhabited the entire region. 01:47
TSOUKALOS: In 1553, the Spanish conquistador Pedro Cieza de León 01:52
wrote in his chronicles of Peru 01:56
that the Native people told him about giants 01:59
who arrived in the area long ago. 02:01
And according to local traditions, 02:05
their ancestors encountered people so tall 02:06
that an ordinary human 02:09
would only come up to their knees. 02:11
And Pedro Cieza de León also claimed 02:13
that some of the Spaniards found a giant shin bone 02:16
and a giant tooth. 02:20
NEWMAN: There are accounts of giants existing 02:24
around the area of Lake Titicaca in the Peru, Bolivia, 02:26
Altiplano area. 02:31
The Inca said that there was a tradition 02:33
of these giants called Huaris 02:37
building sites like Tiahuanaco and Puma Punku 02:39
long before the Inca or any other cultures existed there. 02:43
We also have stories, even at Tiahuanaco itself, 02:48
that the great founder god Viracocha, 02:51
who emerged from Lake Titicaca, 02:54
created a race of giants from the earth, from the mud, 02:56
and controlled them 03:00
so they would build the megalithic sites 03:03
in the area, like Tiahuanaco and Puma Punku, 03:05
before they were then vanquished by a great flood. 03:08
The historical record and the legends 03:14
seem to be telling us about giant humanoids 03:16
existing in the past and being associated 03:20
with megalithic building. 03:22
NARRATOR: For ancient astronaut theorists, 03:25
the stories of giants and alleged discoveries 03:27
of giant bones in Peru are compelling. 03:30
But even more intriguing is the fact 03:34
that some of history's greatest explorers 03:37
claimed to have actually seen giants in South America 03:39
with their own eyes. 03:43
Sanlúcar, Spain. 03:47
September 8, 1522. 03:49
After more than three years at sea, the Victoria, 03:54
a ship launched by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, 03:57
sails into the harbor. 04:01
Its arrival completes the first circumnavigation of the globe. 04:03
As recorded in the ship's log, 04:11
Magellan and his crew faced dangerous storms, 04:13
fierce battles and grand receptions. 04:16
But for many, the most intriguing account 04:21
detailed an unusual encounter near the tip of South America. 04:24
TSOUKALOS: Ferdinand Magellan and his crew were approaching land 04:30
near the southernmost point of South America when, 04:32
according to the expedition's official chronicles, 04:35
they encountered these towering giants 04:38
who apparently stood twice as tall as a normal human. 04:41
ANTONIO PIGAFETTA (dramatized): We saw a giant, 04:45
who was on the shore of the sea, 04:48
quite naked, and was dancing and leaping and singing. 04:49
He was so tall that the tallest of us only came up to his waist. 04:54
However, he was well-built. 04:59
The captain named this kind of people Patagon. 05:02
NEWMAN: They witnessed these extremely tall 05:06
human Natives of the area, 05:10
and he actually named the area Patagonia 05:12
because it translates as "Land of the Big Feet." 05:15
And these clearly had very big feet, as these were giants. 05:19
VIEIRA: According to the logs of the Victoria, 05:23
Magellan took back two of these giants on his voyage home 05:25
with the goal of presenting them to the court in Spain. 05:29
But they became so sick and died, 05:33
they had to be thrown overboard. 05:35

– English Lyrics

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Lyrics & Translation

[English]
NARRATOR: It is less than three months since the start of World War I,
and the front page of The New York Times
is dominated by headlines about the global conflict.
But on page nine, a sensational article
documents the incredible discoveries
recently made in South America
by Australian explorer Captain James Besley,
which include the bones of an eight-foot-tall man.
VIEIRA: In 1914, Captain Besley led an expedition in Peru
where he unearthed a giant skeleton
with a huge, elongated skull.
He wrote about it. He discovered it.
He reported it.
You know, what's interesting is, in the historical record,
there's many accounts of giant skeletons
being unearthed in the Lake Titicaca region.
Some were enormous-- eight-, nine-, ten-foot-tall skeletons.
Now, sometimes these are animal bones
that at the time were, uh, misunderstood.
But oftentimes, they are human burials
with human artifacts, elongated skulls,
but a lot of it seems to be lost to history.
So it's still open-ended as to what happened to the bones.
NARRATOR: Is it possible that skeletons of giants
standing as much as ten feet tall
were discovered near Lake Titicaca?
While the finds were well-documented,
what happened to these allegedly giant,
humanlike bones remains unknown.
But researchers point out
that when Spanish conquistadors first arrived
in Peru in the 1500s,
the Native people told them stories
of giants that once inhabited the entire region.
TSOUKALOS: In 1553, the Spanish conquistador Pedro Cieza de León
wrote in his chronicles of Peru
that the Native people told him about giants
who arrived in the area long ago.
And according to local traditions,
their ancestors encountered people so tall
that an ordinary human
would only come up to their knees.
And Pedro Cieza de León also claimed
that some of the Spaniards found a giant shin bone
and a giant tooth.
NEWMAN: There are accounts of giants existing
around the area of Lake Titicaca in the Peru, Bolivia,
Altiplano area.
The Inca said that there was a tradition
of these giants called Huaris
building sites like Tiahuanaco and Puma Punku
long before the Inca or any other cultures existed there.
We also have stories, even at Tiahuanaco itself,
that the great founder god Viracocha,
who emerged from Lake Titicaca,
created a race of giants from the earth, from the mud,
and controlled them
so they would build the megalithic sites
in the area, like Tiahuanaco and Puma Punku,
before they were then vanquished by a great flood.
The historical record and the legends
seem to be telling us about giant humanoids
existing in the past and being associated
with megalithic building.
NARRATOR: For ancient astronaut theorists,
the stories of giants and alleged discoveries
of giant bones in Peru are compelling.
But even more intriguing is the fact
that some of history's greatest explorers
claimed to have actually seen giants in South America
with their own eyes.
Sanlúcar, Spain.
September 8, 1522.
After more than three years at sea, the Victoria,
a ship launched by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan,
sails into the harbor.
Its arrival completes the first circumnavigation of the globe.
As recorded in the ship's log,
Magellan and his crew faced dangerous storms,
fierce battles and grand receptions.
But for many, the most intriguing account
detailed an unusual encounter near the tip of South America.
TSOUKALOS: Ferdinand Magellan and his crew were approaching land
near the southernmost point of South America when,
according to the expedition's official chronicles,
they encountered these towering giants
who apparently stood twice as tall as a normal human.
ANTONIO PIGAFETTA (dramatized): We saw a giant,
who was on the shore of the sea,
quite naked, and was dancing and leaping and singing.
He was so tall that the tallest of us only came up to his waist.
However, he was well-built.
The captain named this kind of people Patagon.
NEWMAN: They witnessed these extremely tall
human Natives of the area,
and he actually named the area Patagonia
because it translates as "Land of the Big Feet."
And these clearly had very big feet, as these were giants.
VIEIRA: According to the logs of the Victoria,
Magellan took back two of these giants on his voyage home
with the goal of presenting them to the court in Spain.
But they became so sick and died,
they had to be thrown overboard.

Key Vocabulary

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Vocabulary Meanings

explorer

/ɪkˈsplɔːrər/

A2
  • noun
  • - a person who explores new places or things

discover

/dɪˈskʌvər/

A2
  • verb
  • - to find or learn something for the first time

skeleton

/ˈskɛlɪtən/

B1
  • noun
  • - the structure of bones in a body

expedition

/ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃən/

B1
  • noun
  • - a journey or voyage undertaken by a group for a specific purpose

unearthed

/ˌʌnˈɜːrθd/

B2
  • verb
  • - to dig something out of the ground

giant

/ˈdʒaɪənt/

A1
  • noun
  • - an extremely large person or thing
  • adjective
  • - extremely large in size

artifact

/ˈɑːrtɪfækt/

B2
  • noun
  • - an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest

conquistador

/ˌkɒŋkɪstəˈdɔːr/

C1
  • noun
  • - a Spanish conqueror of the 15th and 16th centuries

megalithic

/ˌmɛɡəˈlɪθɪk/

C1
  • adjective
  • - relating to large prehistoric structures built with large stones

circumnavigation

/ˌsɜːrkəmˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən/

C1
  • noun
  • - the act of traveling around the world

encounter

/ɪnˈkaʊntər/

B1
  • verb
  • - to meet or come across someone or something
  • noun
  • - a meeting, especially one that is unexpected

towering

/ˈtaʊərɪŋ/

B2
  • adjective
  • - very tall or high

tradition

/trəˈdɪʃən/

A2
  • noun
  • - a long-established custom or belief

vanquished

/ˈvæŋkwɪʃt/

B2
  • verb
  • - to defeat or conquer

compelling

/kəmˈpɛlɪŋ/

B2
  • adjective
  • - evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way

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Key Grammar Structures

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