[English]
Prospects for tariff negotiations between us and the US have brightened, but negotiations between the US and China are still not going well.
The conflict is expanding from rare earths to other items. Let's start with the report.
확대되고 있습니다.
먼저 리포트 보시겠습니다.
(Reporter) China, once the largest importer of US soybeans, stopped placing orders when the tariff war broke out.
끊었습니다.
(Reporter) President Trump claimed that China was intentionally not buying soybeans, calling it an act of economic hostility.
적대 행위라고 주장했습니다.
In retaliation, he warned that he was considering halting trade with China in edible oils and other items.
중국과의 교역 중단을 검토하고 있다고
경고했습니다.
China has been exporting waste edible oil, used as biofuel, to the US.
The US-China trade conflict, which began with rare earth controls and additional tariffs, is now spreading to all areas, including the imposition of ship berthing fees.
무역 갈등이 선박 입항 수수료 부과에
이어 대두와 식용유 등 전방위로 번지는
양상입니다.
Trump needs to appease farmers, who are his support base, and increase his bargaining power.
Although we refer to them collectively as soybeans, there are various types of soybeans.
What type of soybean is causing the problem between the US and China?
콩입니까.
They are called soybeans, or soy beans in English. You can think of them as the soybeans used to make meju or bean sprouts.
Soybean oil is also extracted from them. Along with corn, soybeans are the most representative crop grown in the Midwestern plains of the US, and the net profit per unit area of soybeans is about five times that of wheat.
또 콩기름도 여기서 짜죠.
옥수수와 함께 미국의 중서부 대평원
That's why US farmers grow a lot of them. They are also a very important crop for humans.
순익이 5배 정도 된다고 그래요.
그래서 미국 농민들이 굉장히 많이
They are also very important as feed for animals like pigs, making them a representative crop with a significant weight in global agriculture.
작물이지만.
Right.
-돼지 같은 동물들의 사료로서도 굉장히
중요해서 전 세계 농업 차원에서도 아주
비중이 큰 그런 대표적인 작물이
되겠습니다.
China used to import a lot of US soybeans, but it's said that they've almost completely stopped importing them.
As you know, China consumes a lot of pork.
It's said that China accounts for half of the world's pork production and consumption. Although China produces a lot of soybeans, it imports much more.
하는데 그러다 보니까 중국이 대두
농사를 지어서 생산도 많이 하는데
수입을 훨씬 많이 합니다.
Last year, China produced about 20 million tons of soybeans, but imported over 100 million tons.
So, they bought a lot from the US, with 52% of US soybean exports going to China last year. From the US perspective, China was their biggest customer.
그래서 미국으로부터 굉장히 많은 물량을
사가고 미국산 대두 수출량의 지난해
But with the start of Trump's second term and the tariff war, China imposed a 34% retaliatory tariff on US agricultural products. The companies and private entities importing these soybeans in China no longer have an incentive to import US soybeans in large quantities.
큰 손이었던 거예요.
그런데 이번에 트럼프 2기가 시작이
되면서 관세 전쟁이 붙으니까 중국이
미국 농산물에 대해서 34%의 보복 관세를
때립니다.
중국도 결국은 이 콩을 수입하는 곳들은
어쨌든 기업이고 민간이잖아요.
Right.
-이들 입장에서는 미국 콩을 대량 수입할
유인이 없어지는 거예요.
Right.
And with the Chinese government signaling not to buy due to the conflict with the US, they've shifted their imports to other countries like Argentina and Brazil. This is very frustrating for the US.
이런 사인이 오니까 그 뒤로 지금
아르헨티나나 브라질 같은 다른 데로
수입선을 일제히 돌렸습니다.
그러니까 미국 입장에서는 굉장히
답답하죠.
그러니까 트럼프 대통령의 사실은 굉장히
One of President Trump's most important support groups is actually...
Farmers.
White farmers in the Midwest. But after voting for Trump, they're now on the verge of ruin because of his tariff war.
트럼프의 지금 관세 전쟁 때문에
자기네가 망하게 생긴 거예요.
Right.
So, the Trump administration plans to offset the impact by providing some of the government revenue from tariffs as subsidies to soybean farmers.
농민들한테 보조금으로 줌으로써 충격을
좀 상쇄하겠다.
But that's not enough. They still need to harvest, store the crops in warehouses, sell them, and start farming again for the related economy to function.
왜냐하면 수확을 어쨌든 해야 하고 그걸
쌓아놓은 창고가 있고 이게 다 팔리고 또
새로 농사를 지어야 그 유관된 경제가
In the US and China, farming is connected to various sectors like finance, insurance, agricultural machinery, and construction. If farming doesn't go smoothly, these sectors won't function properly.
관련된 무슨 금융, 보험, 농기계, 관련
건설 토건업 이런 게 굉장히 많거든요.
이게 농사가 원활히 돌아가지 않으면
The US is in a very frustrating situation. Actually, President Trump experienced China's counterattack of halting soybean imports during his first term.
답답한 상황인데 사실 트럼프 대통령이
이미 1기 때도 중국의 콩 수입 중단
This time, it was expected, but the problem is that they didn't anticipate China's counterattack to be so strong and prolonged.
중국의 반격이 이렇게 강하게 오래
지속될 거라고는 생각을 하지 못했던 것
같아요.
China's refusal to buy soybeans is one card, and another powerful card is rare earths.
카드고 또 한 가지 강력한 카드가 바로
희토류 아니겠습니까.
China controls most of the rare earth production and refining and is now threatening not to sell them.
US economic ministers held a joint press conference, urging a united front against China's attempt to control the global economy.
기자회견을 열었더라고요 .
중국의 세계 경제 통제 시도에 함께
맞서자.
이런 주장까지 했군요.
While the US is talking tough, it's clear that China's control over rare earths is hurting them.
아프구나라는 것을 이런 모습을 통해서
볼 수가 있죠.
Treasury Secretary Besent was busy last night, making statements related to us.
He said something good will happen within ten days.
He also held a press conference with USTR Representative Greere on rare earths, using very strong language.
미 무역대표부 USTR 대표와 함께 히토류
관련된 기자회견을 했는데 말의 표현들을
They accused China of economically coercing all countries and trying to control the global supply chain. For example, if South Korea tries to sell smartphones to a country like Australia, and the semiconductors contain Chinese rare earths,
경제적 강압 행위를 하고 있다.
전 세계의 공급망을 통제하 려 든다.
예를 들어 한국이 스마트폰을 만들어서
호주 같은 나라에 팔려고 해도 그
반도체에 중국 희토류가 들어가면.
Right.
They would need approval from Chinese authorities.
The question is whether US allies will accept this. The US says it will stand up to this with its allies.
여기에 맞설 것이다.
이렇게 얘기를 했는데 이런 얘기를
But to make such statements, they should have maintained better relations with friendly nations and industrial allies earlier.
-그렇죠.
It's true that if they had done so, it would have been much better.
The Biden administration actually formed a containment network around China from this perspective and offered incentives to countries joining it.
거기에 들어오는 국가들한테 당근을 주는
정책을 했거든요.
But Trump took away those incentives and is now wielding the stick.
국가들 당근을 다 뺏고 오히려 지금
채찍질을 하는 상황 아닙니까.