[English]
Hello, Manuel, hello, dear Ulf.
Yes, hello, thank you for the invitation.
It's nice that you're with us. Ulf
Buermeyer, lawyer from Berlin.
Yes, thank you very much. I'm sitting down again
you, so to speak, in front of the jungle background.
Exactly, you have been our guest before,
in Episode 334, beautifully named "The
State of the Nation". And that's the name of your podcast,
which you co-host with Philip Banse.
Exactly. Once a week, an hour and a half
Politics from Germany, Europe and the world.
Politics and news, right? You
brings the news together.
We're trying our best, yes.
Correct. And we have just already
noticed that we refer to
you very often, namely whenever we
would like to talk about politics in Germany,
but are not knowledgeable enough yourself. Then say
we: “You can find out more in the State of the Nation.”
Yes, thank you very much. Thank you very much for that too
this invitation. I always enjoy being with
you. We've just been relaxing together
had breakfast. And now it's basically going into
an exciting topic, I think, no, that
you have thought about for this week.
We thought about that.
We thought about that. You two,
Philip and you, wrote a book:
The nation's construction sites. And that's about,
you could say, all the things that
not going so well in Germany.
You can say that, yes. These are them
Areas of life, eight areas of life,
where we have the feeling that there should be
politics do more. But maybe we would all have to do more to ensure that
Life works better in Germany.
...
For years you have been busy with things
that don't work. Is that
isn't it a bit depressing?
That's a very good question. We have on ourselves
I noticed that the opposite is the case.
We deal with things that are not so good
work, but we are trying to understand
why that is. So we try to find the causes
find out why things might not yet work
so well. And the beauty is
yes, if you understand where the mistakes were,
then you also have the chance to fix the problems
solve. And that's the whole thing... or that's the reason why it's so good for us
feels. This is essentially a constructive
...
approach. We don't talk about mistakes for the sake of it
say everything is stupid. We talk about mistakes,
to understand where they come from,
so that the errors can be corrected.
That's a good approach. And we have
We thought about it, we take this approach,
we listen and, above all, look
People who are learning German,
who are perhaps new to Germany or
still plan to move to Germany.
Always a good idea.
And we thought we would take up this topic
“Germany’s construction sites”
as a hook for our...
topic of the week: Germany's construction sites
Ulf, we asked our listeners and viewers: What are these?
your biggest construction sites? And we thought,
...
you can live here today
react to it in the studio.
Yes, of course I really enjoy learning from them too
the people who are new to Germany,
because they naturally have their own perspective
on what perhaps here and there doesn't work so well here and there in our country because they
Yes, they often have experiences from their countries of origin
...
, no, and can therefore compare quite well
can. And the joke is, we think most of the time in Germany, we are somehow
pretty much at the forefront and that's sometimes true,
...
but often not, yes? So straight
I imagine if people listening to us
no idea, come from the Baltics, right? The
With the poor digitalization
in Germany, we have to face the crisis, right? I am
I'm excited to see what kind of questions you got.
Some people get the crisis. And I find that
very interesting to talk about it today,
also how you see it. Is then
Germany is the top country you would like to immigrate to? After you
now... you've probably worked on the book for several years and you're the only one with you
Busy things that don't work.
...
...
Yes, that is of course a special perspective,
but as I said, we tried to
understand what wrong decisions were made
were, especially politically, to find out
what could be improved. And I believe
these construction sites can be repaired. And
from a German perspective it would be because of that
It's also really great when people simply immigrate to Germany because there are a lot of construction sites
can be reduced to saying,
...
there is a lack of people who could tackle it,
or there is a lack of money in many situations.
But Germany is actually relative
rich country. So if our government could
decide to do that, maybe with the
very, very rich people, for example,
to knock on their door and say: You can't
maybe contribute a little better
to our community, yes? To our state, too
our infrastructure, for example, then
things could progress relatively quickly. So
It's not all bad, I'll say.
Ulf, let's start with the nice topic
Bureaucracy. And then, of course, what do people in Germany notice?
immigrate? First you have
...
appointments at the immigration office
— or not. We have there
now receive a voice message
by Phani. Let's play it.
Hello, Cari, Manuel, Janusz and Easy German
team. In episode 420 you talked about the topic of
immigration authorities and appointments. I
I would also like to say something about this topic.
My name is Phani and I come from India. Since
In 2011 I live in Germany. My experiences
with the immigration authorities, especially in Berlin,
were mostly bad. It is very difficult to
book an appointment online. If I don't have one
I have an appointment and need to extend my visa, it is very, very difficult. I have the whole thing
Waited from one o'clock at night. It was very cold
...
and minus three degrees or so. As a foreigner you have
this image of Germany as an efficient
country in your head. Unfortunately it is in reality
not like that. I can tell you incredible stories
that foreigners experience here as soon as
I improved my German to C1 level.
Good finish from Phani. I'm glad if you
have reached C1 level. Please write us more
stories. But that's just a start.
Many authorities simply don't have appointments at all. This of course applies to immigration authorities,
but also all other or many other authorities.
...
Why is it that people are outside the door at night
have to stand at one o'clock, at minus three degrees,
so that they might be with you at seven o'clock in the morning
Lucky to get one of the last available dates?
Yes, well first of all I would like to say, Phani,
Thank you very much for getting in touch and
congratulations on your German, yes?
Well, I think it works wonderfully. And I personally think so too
this slight Indian accent is simply
...
incredibly charming. So I like that a lot
gladly and, yes, nice that you are with us,
nice that you are doing your research here.
Why is that? Well, I would first like to say, I also think it's very good that
that is criticized. Under no circumstances should we accept the fact that it is difficult
to get appointments. In Berlin you always think,
...
...
this is particularly bad, but for example
The immigration office in Stuttgart has also become famous for the fact that the people there
Waiting at the door all night long to get an appointment in the morning
...
. And in particular
People who want to get a work permit or
extend it. And I would say that
is a classic example of completely pointless
bureaucracy. Why do people actually have to?
live in Germany, begging to be allowed to work
? That's completely absurd. We could
We are actually happy about every person who has a job, and that's why we have...
The state of the nation has often suggested that it should go exactly the other way around. people
should write a letter to the authority and say: "I am now working here and there and this is
my employment contract", or even better, the employer could send it there directly, because the
The employer is usually a German company.
...
...
...
...
That means she can speak the language, she knows it
Bureaucracy. That means the easiest thing would be if
foreigners could simply work and that
The employer would then simply tell the office,
I hired the Phani, for example, or
I hired Lucy, they now work for me, that's the employment contract, that's it.
And if the authority has a problem with that,
...
then the authority should get in touch,
yes? Because what is happening today? You won't get an appointment, in the worst case scenario you won't be allowed to
work, yes? In Stuttgart there are cases
...
where, for example, nurses, which we yes
urgently needed because we have far too few of them
, which is where nurses had to stop
to work because the authorities failed to extend their work permits. This
It's absurd, right? Completely absurd, yes. That just can't happen, right? And that's why
If the proposal is simply political,
...
...
you should just have to report it
have to work. Ideally
the employer should do this themselves. And with that
All this bureaucracy would be eliminated and an overburdened authority would no longer be a problem
for the labor market. Well, I think this is a very simple example of how a large
Problem could be solved very quickly. And
...
...
I know that this problem also exists in the Chancellery
is already being discussed, so Olaf Scholz
for example has a right hand man, Wolfgang
Schmidt, this is a very old friend of his,
with whom he has been working for a long time. And after
As far as I know, Wolfgang
Schmidt has this problem on his desk, and so on
I hope something comes of it now.
But at the bottom, at the bottom of the stack.
Your suggestion.
Our suggestion, which is not available now
us, I know that about Ecke that the
was fed into him again, let's say
became. And I hope that something will happen quickly now, no, that you can basically do that
The rule-exception relationship is reversed, as they say cleverly. So that normally you just
and the authority has to report it if it has a problem, yes, and that you contact the authority
you don't have to ask before you can work.
...
...
...
Very good.
That means you would need fewer appointments and...
Exactly, no more appointments at all.
None at all.
Dignity, i.e. the employer
would write a letter:
"I have hired the Phani. Here is his
Employment contract. If you have a problem,
get in touch.” Normally the authority would
then don't report and everyone would be happy.
That would be nice. There are of course others
Reasons why you go to the immigration office.
And I have to say, that was actually it
biggest topic. We really got real
rants in our Discord group.
For example, James also wrote:
"In my opinion, many employees are in
the immigration authorities are incompetent." Hard words,
hard words. "You can have different answers
get from different people even though you ask
the same question. Some employees speak
don't speak English or don't want to speak English,
even though it's their job to deal with foreigners
employ. Some are also very unfriendly
and arrogant towards foreigners, although
In my opinion it is important to
the foreigners in a new and foreign country
welcome." What do you say when you have such experiences? Have that
Quite a few actually wrote to us,
...
who said, yes, that they were
feel treated very unkindly.
Well, I don't want to defend that at all.
I just think it's important to see
that there are different people too. So,
In Germany there is this nice saying,
you shouldn't lump everything together, right?
In other words, you can't criticize all people for this in such an authority, which some do
do people wrong. First of all, this is very
...
important. But of course there are people
in authorities that do not behave well,
who may be incompetent or the bad ones
be in a mood. I mean, we all have a
bad day. Or at worst, will
There are certainly people who simply
think racist. Of course there is that
Germany, that's part of honesty,
that we, like most countries, of course
have a racism problem in Germany.
And I think that is above all a question
of training. Of course an authority
would have to take care that the people who
work there so that these people understand
how important foreigners are for
Germany are. So if we briefly imagine
, yes, for just one day, everyone would
People with a migrant background go on strike,
yes? Just one day, just so we can all feel
how important they have become for Germany.
Then we would see the country collapse.
So without people with a migration background, Germany would cease to exist overnight
viable. We would miss the people who produce food. Us would people
missing who work in hospitals. We would lack
...
...
taxi drivers, we would lack nurses
missing. So the whole country would stand still,
if people with a migration background did too
would only strike for one day. And I think
perhaps such a strike day would be for more
Understanding...Are you calling for a strike now? No,
I don't want to call for that, but I will say,
Maybe that would be quite healing, because as I said,
we have a racism problem in Germany,
that has to be said. We just, is a
bit controversial, how much, about ten percent
People with strong racist attitudes
in Germany. Of course we also meet
Foreigners these people, that is unfortunately the case. And I think it would be good, this one
To show people how important immigration is and what important contribution people make
migration history in our country.
...
...
The question is whether then
a standstill, a strike would solve this
racism problem. There needs
it probably a little more.
Certainly, yes. With certainty,
But a common prejudice is that people with a migration background are lazy and don't want to work. And such a day
After all, I think it would have the effect of showing
...
...
what an important part of our lives
Identify people with a migration background.
Let's move on to another topic:
causes a lot of frustration in Germany and
also personally here in our podcast. We
talk more often about fax machines. This topic is
digitalization. I know that's one too
big topic in your book, in your podcast. And
we got an email from Declan.
Declan comes from Great Britain and moved to Germany when he was twenty-seven
and has not held office once in the previous twenty-seven
...
years, because he
could do everything online in the UK. For example, he
has a preliminary one online
Applied for a driving license, which was then sent by post
. The full driver's license was
then sent later by post. He bought
his first car and was able to get it by mail
re-register, have your passport renewed and so on. And then he just writes some examples
from Germany: "When I moved here, I had to register my
...
address. That took three months,
to get an appointment and then I had to take a day off for it. For my job
I needed a certificate of good conduct." So,
...
what is a certificate of good conduct? A confirmation from
the police that no crimes have been committed
. "It took months again
to get an appointment, another day
Took vacation for that." He had to for the car
go to the registration office to register it.
Same with the driver's license when he exchanged it
has against a German. When he moved,
he had to go to the office in person twice, once at
to re-register and once to re-register the car.
And so on and so forth. Why go and go
all of these things not online in Germany?
So, one or two things from those he
mentioned, are even going online. Already. So
you can now get the certificate of good conduct digitally
apply if you have an electronic ID card. But sure, I want that
don't defend. Yes, Germany is still very analogue in these areas. It has such a thing
a little to do, I think, with a certain
...
...
distrust of digitalization. So
Such a person in office often has the feeling, yes,
when the citizen comes to me,
then I somehow have it under control.
Can you look into each other's eyes,
Is the person lying or is that true?
And in reality it is natural
much easier to forge a signature on paper
than a digital ID card
to fake, right? So it's basically the illusion of security in analog life, no, while in
Reality, in many situations at least,
...
digital methods have long been much, much, much
are safer than analog methods. So
this is ultimately a change in mentality
still has to take place in German authorities.
But it also has a lot to do with being overwhelmed
of the municipalities, yes? So the excessive demands on
cities and municipalities, that... These cities and
Municipalities are the most important players in digitalization in Germany because they are simple
most of the administration, the bureaucracy
...
in Germany take over, manage, achieve.
And that's why they also have to introduce computer systems
, that's why cities and municipalities have to
go digital so that people can use digital
services. And this one
Cities and communities are often bankrupt,
yes? And that is the big problem in Germany.
It has to be said that the federal government doesn't make it any easier for them
could make it easier for cities and municipalities,
...
by defining standards, for example, right?
Then there would be better software. The software from
different manufacturers could be better
work together, yes? So
standards, for example, as we know them in
Email area, right? So we all know there are
thousands of different email programs
in the world, but they can all exchange emails with each other. Why? Because it determined that
technical protocols exist. SMTP, IMAP, POP,
...
these are the most important ones and can therefore be used
all email programs in the world speak to each other
. And these standards are missing almost everywhere
in the area of management software and that is why
there is often the situation that two
Programs from two manufacturers cannot speak to each other. And then there is only one
common standard and that is called DIN A4, yes?
...
Print.
Print, scan, type.
Scan and fax to the other authority.
That's the big problem and there because of the
Listener now comes from Great Britain,
it works better in Great Britain,
because there is a service, basically from the British government, for software,
is responsible for standards. That's why
...
it works better in Great Britain, that's why it works
things are much better in Denmark, for example,
much better in the Baltics. That's why there are many
Countries so much further and in Germany, one has to say clearly, our federalism is simply falling apart
on your feet, right? It falls on our feet,
...
means, becomes a disadvantage for us, is for us
a problem, right? After the war, the idea was to divide Germany into many small parts of the government
to almost split up. People never wanted such a
...
powerful central state again, no, because it was powerful
Central state in Germany, as we all know,
led to the Second World War, yes, if you
to put it very briefly. And that's why
they thought they would form a state, yes,
but also sixteen federal states and divides everything up. And this sharing of power
worked great, right? So we have,
...
I think, quite exaggerated it. Now there
There are an incredible number of places in Germany,
that have a bit of power, but
not everyone plays well together. And
that's why Germany is much more sluggish, much
slower in many things than other countries.
Ulf, you have already answered all the questions
I wanted to ask now because you simply know
what our viewers want to know. This
is really something that you might not understand very well unless you are from
Germany is coming. This federalism,
...
the various... you said, the federal government,
So there is the federal government, then there is the state government, there are the municipalities.
And that's a problem. How do you solve this?
...
How do you solve this? There are also examples of this
Federalism that works better. So
let's take the United States for example,
They are basically a federal state,
right? There is the federal government with the government
Washington and then there are fifty states.
And in the United States they are
Levels better separated. That is, it is
more clearly regulated: What is the federal government responsible for and
what do the fifty states regulate? Of course
there are conflicts there too, yes? Naturally enacted
the federal government sometimes has laws and the states
don't really want to fill them out
which are not carried out correctly. Of course, there are
disputes about whether the federal government has its powers
exceeds and then it goes to the Supreme Court
and so on. Now I don't want to say that
there are no conflicts there. But in principle
it works better because the federal government has its
makes its own laws and the countries make their laws. And in Germany there is... can
The federal government does not make its laws alone,
...
but the states can always have a say in them
Federal legislation. There is a separate
chamber in Germany for this purpose, that is the Federal Council,
yes? The people in Germany elect the Bundestag, which is the most important parliament
in Germany, but even if the Bundestag
...
has passed a law, this law must
first through the Federal Council, i.e. the chamber of the states, before it can become law. And that
is a big problem because this Federal Council
...
often thwarts Bundestag laws, yes?
Although they were passed by the Bundestag,
although there was a majority for these laws
of the people who were elected to make laws
, that is not enough in Germany,
but the countries also have to agree.
There are different types of laws, no,
With some laws it is particularly difficult to get the Federal Council to agree, with other laws
It's easier, but essentially you can say,
...
that the states are slowing down federal laws
can or even prevent it completely. And
that leads to Germany being very sluggish,
when it comes to making federal laws.
So, abolish the Federal Council.
That would be too radical in my opinion, but
I think we in Germany should...
Reduce the power of the Federal Council.
We should strengthen the power of the Federal Council
reduce something. And I think
the easiest way to do that would be to
regulates it in such a way that it becomes easier to find a majority in the Federal Council. Today it is
So, in the Federal Council the states can vote yes, vote no or abstain, yes? Quite
normal, works in every parliament. The only problem is
...
...
that how abstentions are counted in the Federal Council
a no. And when different
parties co-govern in a country, in a so-called
Coalition, then they often agree, okay,
when we have a federal law different
evaluate, then our country must vote with abstention
. But today there will be abstention in the Federal Council
counted as a no, right? And the parties in
the state governments often do not agree
and that is why there is more and more often the situation,
that they say: "We abstain", and that
Today de facto means: “We vote no.”
And that's why it's so incredibly difficult, laws
the majority in the federal government also through the Federal Council. And that's why I think we should
ran. An abstention should simply be what one thinks, namely an abstention. One
Abstention simply should not be counted.
...
...
You should just count: there are more
Yes votes as no votes in the Federal Council? And
then it would be much easier for the federal government to pass laws
to do, right? We just talked about standards for
administration. The federal government wants that
for a long time, but the countries are blocking it,
because they fear costs. They are afraid that
they would then have to buy new software. But yes,
that is also the case. In the short term there are costs
towards the countries. But in the medium term it would
our country will save so much money if everyone
Programs could talk to each other,
right? But the federal government cannot do that against the states
enforce. And I think that's crazy.
Ulf, you have the solutions.
How to choose you?
I am very happy in my role as
Journalist. I don't want to be elected at all.
But of course I'm happy when people
Listen to Philip Banse and me in our podcast.
You can do this at the State of the Union.
Link is here below. We'll do one
last topic very briefly, and that's this
Topic infrastructure and construction sites.
Oh yes.
This is easy to explain. And
Although Dave wrote to us:
"My question is about small construction sites,
especially on the railway. I read
that at three S-Bahn stops in Stuttgart the
Platforms should be built at S-Bahn level of ninety-six
centimeters, so that a
Barrier-free entry into the train is possible.
That sounds very simple. A small construction team,
a few months of work. However, the realization of these
projects is for 2028 respectively
Planned for 2029, with costs per platform
in the millions. Meanwhile, China would have
Thousands of kilometers of high-speed rail line built.
Why do these projects in Germany have to be like this?
progress slowly? And is there hope for
the transport transition, if itself an adjustment
the platform height supposedly takes five years?"
Well, that doesn't sound good, that sounds a lot
too complicated. I can't say why that is in this specific case. But it is
Absolutely clear, it shouldn't take that long.
...
I can well imagine that in
Stuttgart is related to the fact that there is another very large construction site in Stuttgart
there, namely the Stuttgart main station,
...
right? There is the so-called Stuttgart project
21, where the main station is being completely rebuilt,
being sunk into the ground, right? So there will be one
big tunnel built and stuff. In this respect, I can imagine
that this has something to do with it, that is a
Special problem. But of course that doesn't change
the fact that there are very, very, very many people on the railway
There are construction sites, both large and small,
that have taken place in the last twenty-five
accumulated over the years. And
this is a nice example of
a political mistake. Because
the federal government has committed itself to the
In the late 1990s, I thought about the railway going public, i.e. the
Bahn has become a stock corporation,
...
it should be listed on the stock exchange.
And for it to be successful in the stock market,
it should make a profit. The idea of the stock market
has been off the table for a long time, yes? This idea
has long since been scrapped, but alas
God didn't they also cancel the idea that the railway should make a profit. And if you
If you think about it, you'll quickly see that it's nonsense. The train should
Get people and goods, goods, from A to B as quickly as possible, but she doesn't have to do that
make a profit. On the contrary, it is completely normal that a train costs money. And this thought
As I said, it was forgotten in Germany for twenty, thirty years. And first
In the last two or three years, politicians have understood that they have to invest in the railways,
instead of wanting to take profits from the railway.
...
...
...
...
...
...
Yes. There's a good quote there.
Manuel would like to quote from your book.
Oh la la.
Can I read to you from your book?
Please. Please read my book to me.
"The return that a good railway generates
cannot, however, only be measured in euros
quantify. Your real job
is a plus in terms of quality of life and a
Minus greenhouse gas emissions."
Exactly, that's the joke. The railway is a
very important part of the transport transition,
yes? So an important part of mobility
in Germany and also around the world as CO2-free as possible. And
As I said, this idea has been forgotten in Germany
...
. She's in the final stages
was rediscovered two or three years ago by the current traffic light government
. And now it will too
invested in the railway. I would say there is not enough investment yet. But at least it is
An infrastructure company has now been founded,
...
which is responsible for all the tracks and everything
Train stations. And this company makes a profit, yes, because it takes fees from
Trains that want to run on the tracks.
...
But these profits are no longer coming in
the federal pot, into the federal treasury,
but these fees may be reinvested again
will be in better tracks, in better train stations.
And I think that's an important signal,
that the railway should be made fit again.
There is hope. Ulf. But until then,
If you want to learn more about what doesn't work in Germany,
read this book. I have to say,
...
it's very interesting, though
if you want to understand how Germany
actually works. And if you're new
is in Germany, that's a good idea.
By the way, that also exists of course
as an e-book and especially as an audio book.
Yes, that's how I consumed it.
Exactly. That is, just when
If you want to practice the German language a little at the same time, you can
you can also listen to it very nicely or you can listen to it and read it at the same time
with in the book. You can do all of that.
...
...
Last question to conclude. We have
we're just busy now,
what doesn't work in Germany. Why worth it?
Is it possible to come to Germany anyway?
I think Germany is a country that is currently...
is on the move. The mood isn't that great right now, but a lot of people are
skeptical, but I think that's exactly where the
...
opportunity lies. We're a bit in the valley right now,
but I'm absolutely sure things have to go up again
and that will work too.
In this respect, if you want to help, so to speak, if you want to be part of this upswing, believe me
I, then now is a good time.
...
Great.
A wonderful final word. Your podcast
is available at lagedernation.org. Our podcast,
if you're watching on YouTube now and us
If you haven't subscribed to a podcast app yet, then go to easygerman.fm. There
you can find the relevant links.
...
And if you are a member of Easy German,
you will now hear a little aftershow.
We'll talk for a few more minutes.
Now come the hard questions.
Now come the hard questions. Now let's talk
sometimes plain text. Thank you for your invitation.
See you soon, Ulf.
Ciao!