– 英语/中文 双语歌词

歌词与翻译

[中文]

人们太棒了。作为社会群体

的一部分，人类

共​​同创造了一个极其动态的互联

世界。我们已经成为这个星球上

最成功的物种。

我们这样做是因为我们合作。我们在社会中

工作。

但是，您可能已经注意到了。我们生活在

一个充满冲突的世界。我们生活在

一个环境枯竭的

世界。我们的世界

不平等日益加剧

，数以百万计的人正在迁移尝试

并寻找更好的生活。

现在，

这一切发生的政治环境就是我们所说的

民族主义。我们都生活在

我们称之为国家的事物中，这创造了一种

我们和他们的感觉。我们生活在国界之内，

我们有一种自利意识，我们

被告知我们需要军队来保护我们

度过这一切。我想问一个

棘手的问题。我想问

民族主义对你有好处吗？

民族主义对这个世界有好处吗？现在我是

一名社会人类学家。我们所做的是

我们关注社会如何运作。我们着眼于

社会凝聚力。为什么你觉得

你是一个群体的一部分，而不是另一个

群体的一部分？当然，如果我们

对社会凝聚力和

群体感兴趣，我们也不可避免地

对冲突感兴趣。

现在，从某种程度上来说，最令人惊奇的群体是

国家。这些群体由

数百万人组成，他们都觉得

他们在某种程度上是相同的。因此，

重要的是我们要批判性地了解

国家如何运作及其影响

。首先，我可能会用一些

带来惊喜。您可能认为您的

的东西给你们中的一些人

国家已有数百年

历史。我必须告诉你，这几乎

肯定是错误的。

呃，人类自其存在以来

就生活在一系列不同的环境中

种政治制度。但从广义上来说，

对您来说最

重要的群体是您

的兄弟和亲属、您

出生的家庭、您的氏族或您的血统。

现在，随着社会变得更加复杂，

你有了领导者

和君主制的等级制度，呃社会通过我们所谓的国家形成了

。但是

在这段历史的大部分时间里，你的朋友

和你的亲属、你的家人仍然

是你生活中

最重要的群体。他们会将你置于

你所在的社会中。你会

拥有仪式和符号、宗教

和神话，这些会给你带来

形式的社会凝聚力。

社会和政治科学家广泛

一致认为，现代国家真正

出现在19世纪左右，进入

20世纪。这是一种

民粹主义民族

团体。这是在改革和

启蒙运动、工业化、

城市化、民主化和

社会阶层之间的紧张关系之后，我们

开始发展一种大型的

有凝聚力的

顺从的社会群体。这

可能听起来很奇怪，但国家

几乎都是一样的。他们是一群

的人，拥有特定的

领土，他们的历史

通过一段时间的

连续性叙事使其合法化，通常将

与某种语言或宗教或其社会身份的某些

元素联系起来。

这段历史通常包含

的苦难故事，特别是围绕

的战斗和战争，并且充满了

的英雄和

的烈士。然后你为所有

英雄和烈士建造雕像，

举着旗帜，唱着国歌。

然后剧作家、演员和

音乐家都开始表演

在情感上这个国家如何

团结在一起。

嗯，那个国家的人民

通常被告知并认为他们

比其他国家更勇敢或更优秀

，然后偶尔会有一位领导人

站起来试图说服你

他们是最伟大的国家。好的。

其中一部分是你对所有

邻国的刻板印象，对吗？我们都

对这类事情非常熟悉。

这是因为我们

有时称之为日常民族主义。

您如何成为这些身份的

一部分？你是

天生的。你被赋予了一个名字。

你周围有很多街道名称、

和建筑物名称，它们都将

你与这段历史联系起来。当您学习特定的

学校。更重要的是，你被告知

历史时，您最终会去

这是你的历史，对吗？然后还有

纪念活动。有一些博物馆

，它们会告诉您

的历史。有纪念馆。还有

个阵亡将士纪念日。好的？但除

之外，您的生活中还发生了一些事情。

项体育赛事，让您记住您的

场伟大胜利或巨大失利。当所有这些都向您解释时，

国家取得的

电视上会播放戏剧。

那是因为国家

在我们的日常生活中重现。或者

换句话说，国家是一种

社会建构。

这样你的自我意识就会与群体密切

联系起来，并且在情感上

联系在一起。它已经成为你生活的一部分。

它已经成为您家庭生活的一部分。

这是您家族历史的一部分。所以

这样一来，国家的概念

就与

与你非常接近的事物联系在一起。这会让人们做

鼓舞人心的事情、令人惊奇的事情。它

让人们为了这个

庞大的群体而在战争中死去。这其实是

对于

来说确实是一件非同寻常的事情。它让人们在

场革命中战斗。这个充满情感的想法

还帮助我们为公民建立和定义了

权利，并使公民

感到受到保护，以便

个人的福祉似乎与

这个大型社会

群体的福祉联系在一起。我告诉你谁知道这个

是如何工作的。政客们知道这是如何运作的。

因为当他们想要当选时，

他们会站在国旗旁边，他们

会告诉你他们最能代表

你的国家，他们将使你的

国家再次伟大。

但还有另一个关于民族和民族主义的故事

。

19 和 20

世纪的暴力导致数以百万计的

穷人为了保卫

国家而丧生。

围绕种族和

性别的优越感被纳入民族主义和

帝国之中。

欧洲帝国席卷

全球，入侵其他地方和空间。

事实上，反对派经常发明

新国家，并且经常发明新

国家，我们会让

种族变得复杂，其中几乎

不可避免地会在我们今天看到的许多

内战中结束。这些

国家以

形式的榨取被剥削，以便帝国

能够生存。这是一个复杂且

困难的世界。那么我们如何记住

那段历史呢？好吧，具有讽刺意味的是，

我们以一种英雄的方式记住了

时代的战争。我们竖立了

纪念碑，纪念为这个帝国而牺牲的

人民。

好吧？我们感谢我们的

祖先所做的

工作。我建议你这是死者的政治

。我们实际上不记得

很多像您这样的令人惊奇的事情

科学家试图治愈疟疾或或

或克服饥荒或我们

设法赋予人们的权利或我们在世界各地传播的

识字能力。

战争故事似乎比这一切更有力量

。

所以我想提出一些建议。建议

一些有点激进的东西。

我们欠的不是过去的债。我们欠未来的

债。我们欠

的债是对生者和尚未

的人的债。我们欠下的债是我们孩子的

未来。

现在，我可以在这里看到一个问题，而您

可能也可以看到一个问题。你要去

对我来说，对吧，这些国家

将会消失在这个我建议我们可以拥有的令人惊奇的

世界中。

嗯，这当然非常非常

困难。但有些事情

表明我们可能能够应对

挑战。我们知道人类非常善于

合作，并且非常善于创造

团结。如果你问

这个房间里的大多数人，他们会接受所有

人类，都应该拥有基本的人类

权利。

你们中的许多人将参与庞大的

慷慨活动，尝试帮助世界其他地区的

个人参与

人道主义项目。我们知道我们

与人们有共同的兴趣。我们

经历过新冠肺炎。我们正在经历

在

环境中发生的一切。好的？所以我们知道我们

需要与世界合作，创造

一个不同的地方，我们也知道

我们有能力组织这件事，因为

讽刺的是，国家和世界宗教

在全球范围内运作。所以我们知道我们

可以做到这些事情。所以我有一些

建议。

再看看民族主义。

询问它来自哪里以及何时。

不要太沉迷于关于你的国家的神话和故事

。

其次，我认为我们需要放弃

军事化

我们的国家似乎已经建立起来

之后，我们需要思考一些我们可以在

核心价值观。我想到的是信任和

人类中分享的

伙伴关系。我正在考虑互惠

和慷慨。我想到的是平等、正义和人权的

价值观。

权利。

也许我们可以有一些雕像和

歌曲来纪念人性和

合作。

我认为，民族主义是一种独特的

危险的政治组织形式。

我们需要理解它。

我们需要在国家之外建立新的团结纽带

。我们需要这样做

，因为我们对我们的孩子负有责任。

[英语]

People are amazing. Working together as

part of social groups, human beings have

created an enormously dynamic connected

world. We've become the species that has

been most successful on this planet. And

we do so because we cooperate. We work

within societies.

However, you may have noticed. We live

in a world full of conflict. We live in

a world which has a depleted

environment. We have a world of

increasing inequality

and millions of people migrating to try

and find a better life.

Now, the political environment which

this all takes place in is what we call

nationalism. We all live in these things

we call nations which creates a sense of

us and them. We live within borders and

we have a sense of self-interest and we

are told we need armies to protect us

through all of this. I want to ask a

tricky question. I want to ask is

nationalism good for you and is

nationalism good for this world? Now I'm

a social anthropologist. What we do is

we look at how society works. We look at

social cohesion. Why is it you feel

you're part of one group and not another

sort of group? And of course, if we're

interested in social cohesion and

groups, we are inevitably also

interested in conflict.

Now, the most amazing groups in a way

are nations. These are groups of

millions of people who all feel that

they're in some way the same. So it's

important that we critically understand

how nations work and what their impact

is. So firstly, I'm probably going to

surprise some of you with some

something. You may think that your

nation is hundreds and hundreds of years

old. I have to tell you that's almost

certainly wrong.

uh human beings through their existence

have lived in a whole range of different

sorts of political systems. But broadly

speaking, the group that was most

important to you would have been your

kith and your kin, the family you were

born into, your clan or your lineage.

Now, as societies got more complex and

you got hierarchies um with with leaders

and monarchies, uh society formed

through what we call the state. But

through most of that history, your kith

and your kin, your family would still

have been the most important group in

your life. They would have placed you in

the society that you're in. you would

have had rituals and symbols, religion

and myth that would have given you a

form of social cohesion.

Social and political scientists broadly

agree that the modern nation only really

comes in um and around the 19th and into

the 20th centuries. That's a sort of a

populist ethnational

group. This is after the reformation and

the enlightenment, industrialization,

urbanization, democratization and the

tensions between social classes that we

start to develop a sort of large

cohesive

sort of compliant social group. And this

may sound strange, but nations are

pretty much all the same. They're a

group of people who claim a particular

territory and they have a history that

legitimizes that with a narrative of

continuity over time, usually connected

to a language or religion or some

element of their social identity.

And that that history usually contains

stories of suffering particularly around

battles and wars and is full of heroes

and martyrs that the stories are told

of. And then you build statues to all

the heroes and martyrs and you come up

with flags and you have anthems. And

then you have playwrights and actors and

musicians who all start to present

emotionally how that nation hangs

together.

Um and and the people in that nation are

usually told and think that somehow they

are braver or better than other nations

and then occasionally you have a leader

who gets up and tries to persuade you

that they are the greatest nation. Okay.

And part of that you stereotype all of

your neighbors nations, right? We're all

very familiar with that sort of thing.

And that comes about because of what we

sometimes call everyday nationalism. How

do you become

part of these identities? You're sort of

born into it. You're given a name. All

around you are lots of street names and

and and building names which all connect

you to this history. You end up going to

school when you're taught a particular

history. And what's more, you're told

it's your history, right? And then there

are commemorations. There are museums

which will tell you about what your

history is. There's memorials. There's

memorial days. All right? But more than

that, there's events in your life. The

sporting events where you remember the

great wins or the great losses that your

nation has. And there are dramas on the

TV when all of this is explained to you.

And that's because the nation is

reproduced in our everyday life. Or to

put in another way, the nation is a

social construction.

So that your sense of self is intimately

linked to the group and it's emotionally

linked. It's been part of your life.

It's been part of your family's life.

It's part of your family's history. So

in that way, the idea of the nation is

linked to something which is very close

to you. And that will make people do

inspiring things, amazing things. It

makes people go and die in wars for this

huge large groups. That's actually

really quite an extraordinary thing to

think about. It's made people fight in

revolutions. This emotionalfilled idea

has also helped us build and define

rights for citizens and make citizens

feel protected so that the well-being of

the individual appears to be linked to

the well well-being of this large social

group. And I tell you who knows how this

work. Politicians know how this work.

Because when they want to get elected,

they will stand by the flag and they

will tell you that they best represent

your nation and they will make your

nation great again.

But there's another story to be told

about nations and nationalism.

The violence of the 19th and 20th

century saw millions and millions of

poor people die in the name of defending

their nation.

Ideas of superiority around race and

gender were built into nationalism and

empire.

European empires stormed across the

globe, invading other places and spaces.

And in fact oppos often inventing

new countries and often inventing new

countries we'd have complicated

ethnicities in which were almost

inevitably going to end in many of the

civil wars that we see today. Those

countries were exploit exploited um in

forms of extraction so that the empires

could survive. That is a complicated and

difficult world. So how do we remember

that history? Well, ironically,

we sort of remember the wars of that

time in a heroic sort of way. We put up

memorials and commemorate our people

that have died for that empire.

All right? We we we thank our

forefathers for the work that they have

done. This I suggest you is the politics

of the dead. We don't actually remember

a lot of other amazing things like you

scientists trying to cure malaria or or

or overcoming famine or the rights we've

managed to give to people or the

literacy we've spread around the world.

The stories of war seem more powerful

than all of this.

So I want to suggest something. Suggest

something a bit radical.

The debt we owe is not to the past. The

debt we owe is to the future. The debt

we owe is to the living and those yet to

come about. The debt we owe is the

future of our children.

Now, I can see a problem here, and you

can probably see a problem. You're going

to see to me, right, these nations are

just going to disappear in this amazing

world that I'm suggesting we could have.

Well, it is, of course, very, very

difficult. But there are things that

suggest that we might be up to that

challenge. We know humans are very good

at cooperating and very good at creating

solidarity. If you ask most people in

this room, they would accept that all

human beings, it should have basic human

rights.

Many of you will be part of enormous

generous processes to try and help

people in other parts of the world in

humanitarian projects. And we know we

have a common interest with people. We

experienced COVID. We're experiencing

everything that takes place in the

environment. All right? So we know we

need to work with the world in creating

a different place and we also know that

we're capable of organizing this because

ironically nations and world religions

work on a global scale. So we know we

can do these things. So I've got a few

suggestions.

Look again at nationalism.

Ask where it came from and when. and

don't get too sucked in to the myths and

the stories about your nation.

Secondly, I think we need to lose the

militarization

our nations appear to have been built

upon and we need to think about some

core values that we can share across

humanity. And I'm thinking of trust and

partnership. I'm thinking of reciprocity

and generosity. And I'm thinking of the

values of equality, justice, and human

rights.

Maybe we could have a few statues and

songs that remember humanity and

cooperation.

Nationalism, I think, is a uniquely

dangerous form of political organizing.

We need to understand it.

We need to build new bonds of solidarity

beyond the nation. And we need to do so

because we owe it to our children.

重点词汇

词汇	含义
dynamic /daɪˈnæm.ɪk/ B2	adjective - 动态的
cooperate /koʊˈɒp.ər.eɪt/ B1	verb - 合作
inequality /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɒl.ə.ti/ B2	noun - 不平等
nationalism /ˈnæʃ.ən.əl.ɪ.zəm/ C1	noun - 民族主义
anthropologist /ˌæn.θrəˈpɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ C1	noun - 人类学家
cohesion /koʊˈhiː.ʒən/ C2	noun - 凝聚力
lineage /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/ C1	noun - 血统
hierarchy /ˈhaɪə.rɑː.ki/ B2	noun - 等级制度
legitimize /lɪˈdʒɪt.ə.maɪz/ C2	verb - 使合法化
continuity /ˌkɒn.tɪˈnjuː.ə.ti/ C1	noun - 连续性
martyr /ˈmɑː.tər/ C2	noun - 殉道者
stereotype /ˈster.i.ə.taɪp/ B2	verb - 对...有刻板印象
commemoration /kəˌmem.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ C1	noun - 纪念
reciprocity /ˌres.ɪˈprɒs.ə.ti/ C2	noun - 互惠
militarization /ˌmɪl.ɪ.tər.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ C2	noun - 军事化

重点语法结构

• We've become the species that has been most successful on this planet.

  ➔ 现在完成时

  ➔ 用于描述从过去开始并持续对现在产生影响的状态。

• You may have noticed.

  ➔ 情态动词表推测 (may) + 完成不定式

  ➔ 用于对过去的动作或事件进行推测。

• I want to ask is nationalism good for you and is nationalism good for this world?

  ➔ 间接疑问句

  ➔ 通过改变结构将直接疑问句整合到另一个句子中。

• You may think that your nation is hundreds and hundreds of years old.

  ➔ 宾语从句 (that引导)

  ➔ 充当动词 'think' 直接宾语的从句。

• The group that was most important to you would have been your kith and your kin.

  ➔ 定语从句 & 完成时态情态动词

  ➔ 用于描述假设的情况或过去的可能性/结论。

• And that that history usually contains stories of suffering.

  ➔ 频度副词

  ➔ 置于主语动词前，表示动作发生的频率。

• The nation is a social construction.

  ➔ 被动语态概念 (名词短语定义)

  ➔ 此结构用于通过将其与名词联系起来来定义抽象概念。

• The debt we owe is to the future.

  ➔ 定语从句省略

  ➔ 'debt' 之后的关系代词 'that' 或 'which' 被省略了。